11/24/2009 - 12:15
Special issue of SETAC Journal examines how personal care products affect global environment

In the past decade, there has been a great deal of research on the environmental effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products—also known as PPCPs—such as medicines, shampoo, and makeup. However, to date there has been no integrated publication of recent data on the fate and effects of these contaminants of emerging concern. A special issue of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry focuses on how these substances degrade and travel through water, soil, and ecosystems and suggests how they should be assessed and managed.

11/23/2009 - 16:54
Yosemite black bears select minivan as “Car of the Year”

An article in the October 2009 issue of the Journal of Mammalogy examines the number of vehicles, by make and model, that black bears broke into from 2001 to 2007 in California’s Yosemite National Park. In all years, minivans had the largest or second largest number of break-ins by bears.  When the number of break-ins was compared to the numbers of each type of vehicle visiting the park in 2004 – 2005, only minivans were broken into at a rate higher than expected based on their availability.  The study explores possible reasons why the bears actively preferred minivans.

11/23/2009 - 16:47
Every buck has a shot: Genetics of the white-tailed deer mating system

A study, published in the August 2009 issue of the Journal of Mammalogy, bucks long-standing assumptions about white-tailed deer mating patterns. Studies characterizing male reproductive success as highly skewed with a small number of mature dominant males monopolizing breeding are criticized for depending too heavily on behavioral observations and circumstantial evidence. In the current study, physically immature males, 1.5 to 2.5 years of age, were found to have fathered 30 to 33 percent of offspring in the populations examined, even where larger, mature males were present.

11/23/2009 - 16:39
Minimizing animal injury and death during helicopter net-gun capture

An article in the current issue of The Journal of Wildlife Management reports on a study of helicopter net-gun capture of deer and pronghorn in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. The study found:
(1) a 58% decrease in the probability of post-release mortality when the transport distance after capture was reduced from 14.5 km to 0 km, and
(2) a 69% decrease in the probability of post-release mortality when helicopter pursuit time was reduced from nine minutes to less than one minute.

11/23/2009 - 16:34
Resisting resistance: Mixtures or rotations?

Herbicide mixtures are more effective than rotations in slowing the evolution of herbicide resistance, according to a new report in Weed Technology.

11/23/2009 - 16:20
Sampling design can determine the value of plant genetic diversity studies

The authors of an article in the November/December 2009 issue of Weed Science discuss aspects of sampling design in an effort to help researchers develop the most efficient designs for population genetic analysis. The authors review research reported between 1997 and 2009 that used molecular techniques to analyze genetic diversity in multiple populations of weedy and invasive plants.

11/23/2009 - 16:15
Weed management strategies may ease transition to organic farming

One newly published study examines how tillage systems and field-cover crops affect weed levels and seed densities during the three-year transition period required before cropland and the products grown on it can be certified as organic. The study’s results are featured in the article “Effects of Initial Seed-Bank Density on Weed Seedling Emergence during the Transition to an Organic Feed-Grain Crop Rotation,” by Richard G. Smith, Randa Jabbour, Andrew G. Hulting, Mary E. Barbercheck, and David A. Mortensen in the September-October 2009 issue of Weed Science, published by the Weed Science Society of America.

11/23/2009 - 16:07
Is management of glyphosate-resistant ryegrass a possibility?

Integrated strategies, such as controlling seed sets, may reduce the frequency of glyphosate resistance in ryegrass, according to a new report in the most recent issue of Weed Science.

11/23/2009 - 16:00
New chemical pollutants? Research finds fluorochemicals in water samples

Another contaminant found in Canadian groundwater samples may join the list of environmental substances that could be harmful to humans and the environment, according to recent study results published in the September 2009 issue of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.

11/23/2009 - 15:50
Long-range transport of insecticide residues linked to amphibian population declines

Two pesticides used in highly populated agricultural areas of California appear to be killing frogs that live and breed in the Sierra Nevada, according to results from a study published in the August 2009 issue of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.